{"id":28052,"date":"2024-12-07T10:35:34","date_gmt":"2024-12-07T09:35:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/faveker.com\/sin-categorizar\/origen-fachada-ventilada\/"},"modified":"2024-12-07T10:49:58","modified_gmt":"2024-12-07T09:49:58","slug":"origin-ventilated-facades","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/blog\/origin-ventilated-facades\/","title":{"rendered":"The origin of ventilated facades: countries, architects and first buildings"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Known for their energy efficiency, thermal comfort and modern style, <a href=\"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/ventilated-facade\/\">ventilated facades<\/a> are rooted in ancestral construction practices. Throughout time, these traditional solutions <strong>have evolved with technological innovations<\/strong> to become the advanced systems we all know today. Let\u2019s find out what led to their creation and the history behind ventilated facades through countries, architects and buildings.[\/vc_column_text]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874b676{height:22px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874b676\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"left\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 28px;\">How did the need to create ventilated facades arise?<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874b765{height:22px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874b765\"><\/div>[vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text]The ventilated facade system is the result of the evolution of a construction solution devised to\u00a0<strong>protect buildings from moisture and enhance their thermal insulation<\/strong>. From the very first applications, new technologies have optimized the\u00a0<strong>functionality, energy efficiency, look<\/strong> as well as other aspects.<\/p>\n<p>The origins go back to\u00a0<strong>traditional Nordic and Mediterranean architecture<\/strong> where\u00a0<strong>double walls with an air chamber<\/strong>\u00a0were used to enhance the insulation and prevent moisture. Although these traditional solutions shared basic insulation and protection principles, they cannot be considered ventilated facades in the modern technical sense as they lacked continuous ventilation and the optimized thermal exchange that characterizes today\u2019s systems.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_single_image custom_alt=&#8221;Arquitectura tradicional n\u00f3rdica&#8221; image=&#8221;26952&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"left\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 28px;\">Origins of ventilated facades in Europe<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874b7fd{height:22px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874b7fd\"><\/div>[vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874b882{height:32px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874b882\"><\/div>[vc_single_image custom_alt=&#8221;Cavity Wall&#8221; image=&#8221;26959&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text]The\u00a0<strong>need to fight moisture<\/strong>\u00a0was what made Norwegian farmers want to double the wooden walls of their barns to protect them from harmful environmental conditions. After watching several harvests go to waste, they thought the first wall of this double system would block moisture and facilitate ventilation within the chamber through a flow of air that entered and exited through open joints. They believed the second wall would then stay dry, which would help keep their harvests in a perfect state.<\/p>\n<p>Other systems were developed in England in 1925, like the one known as the\u00a0<strong>Cavity Wall.\u00a0<\/strong>It was a two-sheet wall with a ventilated chamber in between where the outer wall was secured with\u00a0<strong>steel iron cramps<\/strong>. This type of wall was restricted to a height of just three floors and was aimed at insulating the facade from rainwater infiltrations.<\/p>\n<p>Both systems were essentially the foundations for the development of modern ventilated facades.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874b8f7{height:12px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874b8f7\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"left\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 21px;\">Rainwater partition wall: the Mediterranean precursor to ventilated facades<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874b969{height:12px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874b969\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]Another precursor to ventilated facades, the rainwater partition wall was developed by\u00a0<strong>Mediterranean architects<\/strong>, particularly in Spain, to protect walls from moisture \u2014 especially shared walls. This system used an air chamber to evacuate the water and enhance the insulation. It began to be used in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Nowadays, the rainwater partition wall is renowned as the forefather of the modern ventilated facade due to its <strong>insulation and passive ventilation principles<\/strong>.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"left\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 28px;\">The contributions of major architects to multi-layer facades<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874b9d8{height:22px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874b9d8\"><\/div>[vc_column_text el_class=&#8221;fs-16&#8243;]The <strong>multi-layer facade<\/strong> is the result of decades of <a href=\"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/home\/faveker-architect\/\">architectural innovation<\/a> combining <strong>functionality and esthetics. <\/strong>Its evolution began with pioneers exploring new ways of building efficient and long-lasting enclosures. Now, let\u2019s take a look at the contributions made by various architecture studios:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Architect <strong>Otto Wagner<\/strong> revolutionized construction with his work on the Karlsplatz in Vienna, where he used a metal structure covered with stone panels secured with metal pieces.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Le Corbusier<\/strong> developed a multi-layer facade for his \u201cLoucher\u201d project using Solomite for insulation while <strong>Walter Gropius<\/strong> explored prefabricated panels and modular structures in his designs.<\/li>\n<li>Architect <strong>Albert Frey<\/strong> applied metal layers and insulation to his iconic Aluminaire House, demonstrating how light materials could redefine modern architecture.<\/li>\n<li>In regions like Canada and the Nordic countries, researchers like <strong>B. Hutcheon<\/strong> investigated the type of protection against moisture used in the 1950s, thus fostering the development of the most resistant facades.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874ba4b{height:12px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874ba4b\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"left\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 21px;\">G.K. Garden, considered the father of the ventilated facade system<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874bac6{height:12px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874bac6\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]Three people claim to have invented the ventilated facade:<strong>\u00a0Johansson (1946), Birkeland (1962) and Garden (1963)<\/strong>,<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>as they all helped lay down the steps to finalizing the ventilated facade concept. In any case, the Canadian architect\u00a0<strong>G.K. Garden\u00a0<\/strong>was the one who coined the term\u00a0<strong>\u201crainscreen\u201d <\/strong>in 1963, which was key to the development of the ventilated facade.<\/p>\n<p>Through his designs, which included different types of functional layers, Garden established the\u00a0<strong>physical principles of a multi-layer facade<\/strong> focusing on enhancing protection from moisture and thermal efficiency. These innovations led to the concept of modern ventilated facades, resolving the issue of water penetration with the creation of an <strong>air-tight layer<\/strong>.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874bb44{height:22px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874bb44\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"left\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 28px;\">Which building was the first with a ventilated facade?<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874bbb4{height:22px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874bbb4\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]There is no absolute consensus as to which was the first building with a ventilated facade. However, the\u00a0<strong>Velasca Tower in Milan (a building designed by the architect studio BBPR in 1958)<\/strong>\u00a0is often cited as one of the most emblematic examples, preliminary research projects and construction solutions, as well as structures designed by Otto Wagner or the techniques used in Norwegian architecture which showed early hints of ventilated facades. Although not identical to modern ventilated facades, these developments reflected the baseline technology, which would be later perfected.[\/vc_column_text]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874bc44{height:22px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874bc44\"><\/div>[vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner responsive_align=&#8221;text-center text-sm-center text-md-center text-lg-center&#8221;][vc_single_image custom_alt=&#8221;Torre Velasca en Mil\u00e1n&#8221; image=&#8221;26970&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874bcb4{height:22px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874bcb4\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"left\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 21px;\">Who is the precursor to the ventilated facade in Spain?<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874bd24{height:12px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874bd24\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]In Spain, several publications highlight architect C\u00e9sar Ortiz-Echag\u00fce as the precursor or inventor of the ventilated facade through two housing projects built in Santiago de Compostela in 1954 and 1956. Thus is stated in <a href=\"https:\/\/informesdelaconstruccion.revistas.csic.es\/index.php\/informesdelaconstruccion\/article\/view\/5926\/7057\"><em>Informe de la Construcci\u00f3n<\/em><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/informesdelaconstruccion.revistas.csic.es\/index.php\/informesdelaconstruccion\/article\/view\/5926\/7057\">, Vol. 70, 552, e272, October-December 2018, published by CSIC<\/a>.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874bda9{height:22px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874bda9\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"left\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 28px;\">The history of ventilated facades: the evolution of a solution that keeps on showing innovation<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874be44{height:22px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874be44\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]Ventilated facades have been improved over time with the inclusion of new techniques, innovative engineering applications and functional architectural solutions. These advances have improved aspects such as the reduced weight of the materials, the ease of installation using\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/products\/fixing-systems\/\">invisible anchors and simpler fixing systems<\/a>\u00a0as well as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/products\/finishes\/\">more modern finishes<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>There has also been progress in the frame used for ventilated facades, which has been moved from the slab to the\u00a0<strong>inside of the building<\/strong>. This evolution has also led to changing\u00a0<strong>the main purpose of the outer side<\/strong>: it began to help with ventilation and now plays a greater insulating role, especially with cladding such as ceramic which allows for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/blog\/4-types-of-facades-for-modern-homes\/\">modern finishes<\/a>\u00a0and adds high resistance and durability without wearing down any of the technical or esthetic properties over time. What\u2019s more, ceramic fosters creative freedom in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/projects\/\">architectural projects<\/a>\u00a0given that\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/products\/ceramic\/custom\/\">personalized pieces<\/a> can be used for\u00a0<strong>custom projects<\/strong>, which gives buildings outstanding character.[\/vc_column_text]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874beb9{height:22px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874beb9\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"left\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 28px;\">At FAVEKER\u00ae, we continue writing the history of ventilated facades <\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<style>.ld_spacer_69de58874bf27{height:22px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"ld-empty-space ld_spacer_69de58874bf27\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]At FAVEKER\u00ae, we continue working to offer <strong>innovative, <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/sustainability\/\"><strong>sustainable<\/strong><\/a><strong> and efficient ceramic ventilated facades<\/strong>. Our solutions are on the cutting edge of the use of new materials, and we do so all while complying with the <a href=\"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/downloads\/certificates\/\">most demanding quality standards<\/a>. The <a href=\"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/much-more-behind\/about-us\/\">history of ventilated facades continues with FAVEKER\u00ae<\/a>. If you need guidance for your project, <a href=\"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/contact\/\">contact our experts<\/a>.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The ventilated facade, an architectural solution that combines functionality, energy efficiency, and modern aesthetics, has its roots in ancient techniques such as the Mediterranean rain wall and the Nordic double wall. This system has evolved with contributions from great architects and technological advancements, becoming a benchmark of innovation. Discover its origins and evolution in this post.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":28212,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"yes","_lmt_disable":"","wds_primary_category":24,"footnotes":""},"categories":[68],"tags":[40,51],"class_list":["post-28052","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-everything-for-facades","tag-fachada-en-2","tag-fachada-ventilada-en"],"acf":[],"modified_by":"faveker","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28052","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28052"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28052\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28212"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28052"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28052"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faveker.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28052"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}